Sleep Apnea
Is a disorder of breathing during sleep that typically is accompanied by loud snoring and consists of brief periods throughout the night in which breathing stops.
There are two major types:
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The most common form of apnea. It is caused by an obstruction in the airway during sleep.
- Central Apnea is caused by a delay in the signal from the brain to breathe.
Insomnia
Is characterized by difficulty falling or staying asleep or awakening too early. Insomnia can be transient, short-term, or chronic in nature.
Narcolepsy
Is a chronic disorder affecting the brain where dysfunctions of sleep and wakefulness result.
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)
Is a discomfort in the legs that is commonly referred to as a crawling, tingling/prickling sensation.
Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS)
Is a variation of RLS and is characterized by leg movements or jerks that typically occur every 20 to 40 seconds during sleep.
Parasomnia (Sleep Terrors)
Is characterized by a sudden arousal from slow wave sleep with a piercing scream or cry accompanied by autonomic and behavioral manifestations of intense fear.
Hypersomnia
Is a persistent sleepiness despite having adequate sleep periods.
Somnambulism (Sleepwalking)
Is a series of complex behaviors that are initiated during slow wave sleep and result in walking during sleep.
Bruxism
Is a stereotyped movement disorder characterized by grinding or clenching of the teeth during sleep.